| Did You Know?... • The Drakensberg (“the Dragon Mountains” is the highest mountain range in Southern Africa rising to 3 482 metres (11,424 ft). In Zulu, it is referred to as uKhahlamba (“Barrier of Spears”). The Sesotho refer to the mountain range as the Maluti. • The Drakensberg is rich in plant life and home to 299 recorded bird species. • The lower slopes of the Drakensberg are rich in wildlife, including the rare Southern White Rhinoceros that was nurtured here when facing extinction, and the Black Wildebeest (Connochaetes gnou), which now only thrives in protected areas and game reserves. • Blue Wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) are large antelope found in East and Southern Africa. They have a heavy-fronted appearance with a big, rectangular-shaped head. They have a mane, beard and a long, dark coloured tail. Their coat is short and slate grey in colour with dark vertical stripes down each side. • Blue Wildebeest communicate with each other via grunting calls and they can reach speeds up to 65 km/hr (40 mph). Predators of Blue Wildebeest include lions, African wild dogs, leopards, cheetahs, crocodiles and spotted hyenas. • The African, or Cape, buffalo is a member of the Big Five, along with the elephant, rhino, lion and leopard. • Once popular trophies for hunters, buffaloes are unpredictable and can be dangerous if cornered or wounded. |
• There is only one genus and one species of buffalo in Africa, but this single species has two different types: the large savanna buffalo and the much smaller dwarf forest buffalo. • Savanna buffaloes are large, heavy cowlike animals. • Both male and female buffaloes have heavy, ridged horns that grow straight out from the head or curve downward and then up. The horns are formidable weapons against predators and for jostling for space within the herd; males use the horns in fights for dominance. • Both savanna buffaloes and forest buffaloes live close to water. In general buffaloes are found throughout the northern and southern savanna as well as the lowland rain forest. • Sight and hearing are both rather poor, but scent is well developed in buffaloes. • Although quiet for the most part, the animals do communicate. In mating seasons they grunt and emit hoarse bellows. A calf in danger will bellow mournfully, bringing herd members running at a gallop to defend it. • Buffaloes spend more time feeding at night than during the day. They seem to have a relatively poor ability to regulate body temperature and remain in the shade for long periods of time in the heat of the day, or wallow in mud. • If attacked, the adults in the herd form a circle around the young and face outward. By lowering their heads and presenting a solid barrier of sharp horns, it is difficult for predators to seize a calf. This effective group defense even allows blind and crippled members of the herd to survive. Thus predators do not have a major impact on buffalo herds; it is the old, solitary-living males that are most likely to be taken by lions. • The buffalo is one of the most abundant of Africa's large herbivores. It depends on water and does not live in regions with less than 10 inches of rain a year. • The main predators of buffaloes are humans and lions. | |
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